References

nsc

Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia

Археология, этнография и антропология Евразии

1563-0110

IAET SB RAS

nsc-112

Research Article

ANTHROPOLOGY

АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ

BILATERAL ASYMMETRY OF LONG BONES IN BRONZE AND EARLY IRON AGE PASTORALISTS OF THE ALTAI

БИЛАТЕРАЛЬНАЯ АСИММЕТРИЯ ДЛИННЫХ КОСТЕЙ КОНЕЧНОСТЕЙ У СКОТОВОДОВ АЛТАЯ ЭПОХИ БРОНЗЫ И РАННЕГО ЖЕЛЕЗНОГО ВЕКА

Тур

С. С.

Tur

S. S.

кандидат исторических наук, заведующая кабинетом антропологии Музея археологии и этнографии Алтая

tursvetlana@mail.ru

Алтайский государственный университет Ленинский пр., 61, Барнаул, 656049, РоссияРоссияAltai State University, Leninsky Pr. 61, Barnaul 656049, RussiaRussian Federation

2014

23032016

593141156

2016

Тур С.С.

Tur S.S.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/112

The aim of the study is to explore patterns of directional asymmetry (DA) of long bones among the ancient pastoralists of the Russian Altai. Long bones of the upper and lower limbs and clavicles were measured bilaterally in two temporally diverse skeletal samples dating to the Middle Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. Statistically significant sex and chronological differences were found in DA of the upper limb diaphyseal breadths, which are strongly influenced by mechanical factors during life. These results suggest that manual loadings were bilaterally symmetric in males, but not in females. Sexual dimorphism in the upper-limb-use asymmetry was greater in the later group than in the earlier group. Besides, the female subgroups exhibited strong DA in features evidencing biomechanical stress on the femur. Temporal differences in DA of the upper limb length are possibly due to changes in the level of environmental and/or genetic stress.

Цель работы – изучить направленную асимметрию (DA) в скелетных выборках древних скотоводов лесостепного Алтая. Были исследованы две группы, одна из которых относится к эпохе развитой бронзы, другая – к скифскому времени. В результате изучения показателей DA поперечных размеров длинных костей конечностей и ключиц установлены половые и хронологические различия, отражающие специфику физической активности скотоводов. У мужчин обоих хронологических периодов мануальные нагрузки были двусторонними, преимущественно силового характера. Женский труд, особенно в скифское время, требовал более частого использования доминантной руки. Женщины испытывали также асимметричные нагрузки на ноги в медиолатеральной плоскости. DA продольных размеров костей рук в группе эпохи бронзы низкая, скифского времени – высокая, что определяется, по-видимому, хронологическими различиями в уровне средового и/или генетического стресса.

билатеральная асимметрияфизическая активностьдлинные кости конечностейскотоводыэпоха бронзыскифское времяАлтай

Bilateral asymmetryphysical activitylong bonespastoralistsBronze AgeEarly Iron AgeScythian periodAltai

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.