<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nsc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Archaeology, Ethnology &amp; Anthropology of Eurasia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Археология, этнография и антропология Евразии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IAET SB RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17746/1563-0110.2021.49.1.003-008</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nsc-1154</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PALEOENVIRONMENT. THE STONE AGE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПАЛЕОЭКОЛОГИЯ. КАМЕННЫЙ ВЕК</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Evolution of the Lithic Industry in Central Dagestan During the Early Pleistocene: The Rising Occurrence of Flake Blanks</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9904-2539</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amirkhanov</surname><given-names>H. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department Head</p><p>Dm. Ulyanova 19, Moscow, 117292, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amirkhanov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>49</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>8</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Amirkhanov H.A., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Amirkhanov H.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Amirkhanov H.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/1154">https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/1154</self-uri><abstract><p>Archaeological data from stratified Early Pleistocene sites in Central Dagestan are arranged in a direct stratigraphic sequence, making it possible to reconstruct the changes in lithic industry over a span of 1.2 mln years, from ~2.0 to 0.8 Ma BP, and to separate the principal stages in the Early Paleolithic culture of the Caucasus. This study examines blanks found at sites of the Ainikab-Mukhkay group, such as Ainikab-1, and Mukhkay-1, -2, and -2a. Occurrences of large flake blanks (&gt;10 cm) at the Oldowan and the Oldowan to Acheulean transitional stage are provided. Such blanks appear at the beginning of the Jaramillo paleomagnetic episode (~1.07 Ma BP). By the end of the Early Pleistocene, their share attains 25.77 % of the total number of blanks for morphologically distinct tools. They are absent in Oldowan deposits (~2 Ma BP). The totality of statistical data justifies the separation of the transitional Oldowan to Acheulean stage in the region, dating to 1.0–0.8 Ma BP.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Northeastern Caucasus</kwd><kwd>Early Pleistocene</kwd><kwd>lithic industry</kwd><kwd>evolution</kwd><kwd>flake blanks</kwd><kwd>statistics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 18-09-40026).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmed I.J., Blackwell B.A.B., Cho E.K., Chen S., Amirkhanov H.A., Blickstein J., Skinner A.R., Lev S. 2010. ESR dating an Oldowan site in Dagestan, Southern Russia: Exploring the earliest Hominid migration into Eurasia. In 2010 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America, vol. 42 (5). Denver: GSA, p. 152.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmed I.J., Blackwell B.A.B., Cho E.K., Chen S., Amirkhanov H.A., Blickstein J., Skinner A.R., Lev S. 2010. ESR dating an Oldowan site in Dagestan, Southern Russia: Exploring the earliest Hominid migration into Eurasia. In 2010 Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America, vol. 42 (5). Denver: GSA, p. 152.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amirkhanov H.A. 2007. Issledovaniya pamyatnikov oldovana na Severo-Vostochnom Kavkaze (predvaritelnye rezultaty). Moscow: Taus.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amirkhanov H.A. 2007. Issledovaniya pamyatnikov oldovana na Severo-Vostochnom Kavkaze (predvaritelnye rezultaty). Moscow: Taus.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amirkhanov H.A. 2016. Severnyi Kavkaz: Nachalo preistorii. Moscow: Mavraev.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amirkhanov H.A. 2016. Severnyi Kavkaz: Nachalo preistorii. Moscow: Mavraev.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amirkhanov H.A., Gribchenko Y.N., Ozhereliev D.V., Sablin M.V., Semenov V.M., Trubikhin V.M. 2012. Kompleksnye issledovaniya rannepleistotsenovoi stoyanki Mukhkai-2 na Severo-Vostochnom Kavkaze (po rezultatam raskopok 2008–2011 gg.). In 1150 let Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennosti i kultury: Materialy k obshchemu sobraniyu RAN, posvyashch. Godu rossiyskoy istorii (Moskva, 18 dek. 2012 g.). Moscow: pp. 217–240.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amirkhanov H.A., Gribchenko Y.N., Ozhereliev D.V., Sablin M.V., Semenov V.M., Trubikhin V.M. 2012. Kompleksnye issledovaniya rannepleistotsenovoi stoyanki Mukhkai-2 na Severo-Vostochnom Kavkaze (po rezultatam raskopok 2008–2011 gg.). In 1150 let Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennosti i kultury: Materialy k obshchemu sobraniyu RAN, posvyashch. Godu rossiyskoy istorii (Moskva, 18 dek. 2012 g.). Moscow: pp. 217–240.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amirkhanov H.A., Taimazov A.I. 2019. Rannepleistotsenovaya krupnootshchepovaya industriya Severo-Vostochnogo Kavkaza: stadialnyi status. KSIA, iss. 254: 13–33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amirkhanov H.A., Taimazov A.I. 2019. Rannepleistotsenovaya krupnootshchepovaya industriya Severo-Vostochnogo Kavkaza: stadialnyi status. KSIA, iss. 254: 13–33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chepalyga A.L., Sadchikova T.A., Trubikhin V.M., Pirogov A.N. 2012. Geoarkheologiya olduvaiskikh stoyanok gornogo Dagestana. Byulleten Komissii po izucheniyu chetvertichnogo perioda, No. 72: 73–94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chepalyga A.L., Sadchikova T.A., Trubikhin V.M., Pirogov A.N. 2012. Geoarkheologiya olduvaiskikh stoyanok gornogo Dagestana. Byulleten Komissii po izucheniyu chetvertichnogo perioda, No. 72: 73–94.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Derevianko A.P., Amirkhanov H.A., Zenin V.N., Anoikin A.A., Rybalko A.G. 2012. Problemy paleolita Dagestana. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Derevianko A.P., Amirkhanov H.A., Zenin V.N., Anoikin A.A., Rybalko A.G. 2012. Problemy paleolita Dagestana. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lumley de H., Nioradze M., Barsky D., Cauche D., Celiberti V., Nioradze G., Notter O., Zvania D., Lordkipanidze D. 2005. Les industries lithiques préoldowayennes du début du Pléisticene inférior du site de Dmanissi en Georgie. L’anthropologie, No. 109: 1–182.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lumley de H., Nioradze M., Barsky D., Cauche D., Celiberti V., Nioradze G., Notter O., Zvania D., Lordkipanidze D. 2005. Les industries lithiques préoldowayennes du début du Pléisticene inférior du site de Dmanissi en Georgie. L’anthropologie, No. 109: 1–182.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ozhereliev D.V. 2014. Tipologiya izdeliy so vtorichnoi obrabotkoi sloya 74 rannepaleoliticheskoi stoyanki Muhkai-2 (Dagestan). KSIA, No. 235: 60–81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ozhereliev D.V. 2014. Tipologiya izdeliy so vtorichnoi obrabotkoi sloya 74 rannepaleoliticheskoi stoyanki Muhkai-2 (Dagestan). KSIA, No. 235: 60–81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shchelinsky V.E. 2012. Kermek – stoyanka nachalnoi pory rannego paleolita v Yuzhnom Priazovye. In Fundamentalnye problemy arkheologii, antropologii i etnografii Evrazii: K 70-letiyu akademika A.P. Derevianko. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN, pp. 153–171.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchelinsky V.E. 2012. Kermek – stoyanka nachalnoi pory rannego paleolita v Yuzhnom Priazovye. In Fundamentalnye problemy arkheologii, antropologii i etnografii Evrazii: K 70-letiyu akademika A.P. Derevianko. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN, pp. 153–171.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shilova G.N. 2012. Rezultaty sporovo-pyltsevogo analiza obraztsov iz paleoliticheskoi stoyanki Mukhai-2. Arkhiv IA RAN. D. 2013-2 (Arkhiv Severokavkazskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii). (Manuscript).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shilova G.N. 2012. Rezultaty sporovo-pyltsevogo analiza obraztsov iz paleoliticheskoi stoyanki Mukhai-2. Arkhiv IA RAN. D. 2013-2 (Arkhiv Severokavkazskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii). (Manuscript).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shilova G.N. 2014. Analiz obraztsov iz razreza Mukhai-2a, raskop 2. Arkhiv IA RAN. D. 2014-7 (Arkhiv Severokavkazskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii). (Manuscript).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shilova G.N. 2014. Analiz obraztsov iz razreza Mukhai-2a, raskop 2. Arkhiv IA RAN. D. 2014-7 (Arkhiv Severokavkazskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii). (Manuscript).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tesakov A.S., Ozhereliev D.V. 2017. K datirovke stoyanki oldovana Muhkai-2a v Dagestane. Byulleten Komissii po izucheniyu chetvertichnogo perioda, No. 75: 5–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tesakov A.S., Ozhereliev D.V. 2017. K datirovke stoyanki oldovana Muhkai-2a v Dagestane. Byulleten Komissii po izucheniyu chetvertichnogo perioda, No. 75: 5–10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
