<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nsc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Archaeology, Ethnology &amp; Anthropology of Eurasia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Археология, этнография и антропология Евразии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IAET SB RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17746/1563-0110.2022.50.3.072-081</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nsc-1499</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE METAL AGES AND MEDIEVAL PERIOD</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПОХА ПАЛЕОМЕТАЛЛА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Grave Goods of an Elite Saka Burial at Kyrykoba in the Context of Cultural Ties Between the Nomads of Kazakhstan and Siberia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-8068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iskakov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, National Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan; Postdoctoral Student, Gumilyov Eurasian National University</p><p>Pr. Tauelsyzdyk 54, Nur-Sultan, 010000, </p><p>Satpayeva 2, Nur-Sultan, 010008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ika251185@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7828-1381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Umitkaliev</surname><given-names>U. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department Chair</p><p>Satpayeva 2, Nur-Sultan, 010008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uumitkaliev@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7741-3167</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitko</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Visiting Professor, Gumilyov Eurasian National University; Associate Professor, Department Head, Institute for Humanities, Novosibirsk State University</p><p>Satpayeva 2, Nur-Sultan, 010008, </p><p>Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omitis@gf.nsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="en">National Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan;&#13;
Gumilyov Eurasian National University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="en">Gumilyov Eurasian National University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="en">Gumilyov Eurasian National University;&#13;
Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>50</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Iskakov K.A., Umitkaliev U.U., Mitko O.A., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Iskakov K.A., Umitkaliev U.U., Mitko O.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Iskakov K.A., Umitkaliev U.U., Mitko O.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/1499">https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/1499</self-uri><abstract><p>This article describes the findings of excavations of an Early Saka kurgan at Kyrykoba, Eastern Kazakhstan. The kurgan had been looted; human remains, according to physical anthropologists, belonged to a mature woman. Her cranium exhibited trepanation. Some 200 artifacts were found, mostly gold and stone ornaments (belt clips, gold seed beads, and simple beads). The most interesting find is a bimetallic pin made of iron. Its rod is missing; the tiny head, less the 1 cm in diameter, is covered with gold foil. On its surface, there is a figure of an ungulate with a curved antler, its body twisted 180°. This stylistic device in the depiction of ungulates and predators is typical of the Scythian-Siberian art of Kazakhstan and Western Siberia in 700–300 BC. Other rare finds include ornaments made from a cretaceous layer of oyster shells, such as pendants shaped as oval plates imitating tusks, or figurines of predatory animals— 20 pieces, ranging in size from 0.4 × 0.4 to 2.5 × 2.5 cm. Oyster shells with thick cretaceous layers had been procured from the coasts of the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulf. The beads and the animal figurine made from cretaceous layers of oyster shells are paralleled by those from an Early Scythian era burial at Gilevo-10, Altai. These artifacts indicate regional and intracontinental trade and cultural ties in Eastern Kazakhstan and Western Siberia, evidenced by similar technological traditions, images, compositions, and decorative motifs.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Early Iron Age</kwd><kwd>Kazakhstan</kwd><kwd>Altai-Sayan</kwd><kwd>Scythian animal style</kwd><kwd>trepanation</kwd><kwd>ornaments from cretaceous layer of oyster shells</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This study was carried out in equal shares: by O.A. Mitko under the grant supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Project No. 20-18-00111</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akishev K.A. 1978 Kurgan Issyk. Iskusstvo sakov Kazakhstana. Moscow: Iskusstvo.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akishev K.A. 1978 Kurgan Issyk. Iskusstvo sakov Kazakhstana. Moscow: Iskusstvo.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barkova L.L. 1984 Rezniye izobrazheniya zhivotnykh na sarkofage iz 2-go Bashadarskogo kurgana. ASGE, iss. 25: 83–89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barkova L.L. 1984 Rezniye izobrazheniya zhivotnykh na sarkofage iz 2-go Bashadarskogo kurgana. ASGE, iss. 25: 83–89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barkova L.L., Pankova S.V. 2005 Tattooed mummies from the large Pazyryk mounds: New fi ndings. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, No. 2: 48–59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barkova L.L., Pankova S.V. 2005 Tattooed mummies from the large Pazyryk mounds: New fi ndings. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, No. 2: 48–59.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bogdanov E.S. 2006 Obraz khishchnika v plasticheskom iskusstve kochevykh narodov TsentralnoyAzii (skifo-sibirskaya khudozhestvennaya traditsiya). Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogdanov E.S. 2006 Obraz khishchnika v plasticheskom iskusstve kochevykh narodov TsentralnoyAzii (skifo-sibirskaya khudozhestvennaya traditsiya). Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bokovenko N.A. 2017 Formirovaniye konskogo snaryazheniya rannikh kochevnikov Tsentralnoy Azii. Ylken Altai ǝlemi, No. 3 (4): 8–42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bokovenko N.A. 2017 Formirovaniye konskogo snaryazheniya rannikh kochevnikov Tsentralnoy Azii. Ylken Altai ǝlemi, No. 3 (4): 8–42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borodovsky A.P., Cheremisin D.V. 1989 K izucheniyu ukrasheniy iz kabanyikh klykov i ikh imitatsiy (sotsialno-tekhnologicheskiy aspekt). In Skifo-sibirskiy mir. Problemy arkheologii skifo-sibirskogo mira (sotsialnaya struktura i obshchestvenniye otnosheniya), pt. II. Kemerovo: Kem. Gos. Univ., pp. 128–131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borodovsky A.P., Cheremisin D.V. 1989 K izucheniyu ukrasheniy iz kabanyikh klykov i ikh imitatsiy (sotsialno-tekhnologicheskiy aspekt). In Skifo-sibirskiy mir. Problemy arkheologii skifo-sibirskogo mira (sotsialnaya struktura i obshchestvenniye otnosheniya), pt. II. Kemerovo: Kem. Gos. Univ., pp. 128–131.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borodovsky A.P., Telegin A.N. 2007 Horn saddle ornaments dating to the Scythian period from the Ob plateau. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, No. 2: 52–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borodovsky A.P., Telegin A.N. 2007 Horn saddle ornaments dating to the Scythian period from the Ob plateau. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, No. 2: 52–62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheremisin D.V. 1990 Petroglify ustya r. Chui. In Problemy izucheniya naskalnykh izobrazheniy v SSSR. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 162–165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheremisin D.V. 1990 Petroglify ustya r. Chui. In Problemy izucheniya naskalnykh izobrazheniy v SSSR. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 162–165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheremisin D.V. 2005 On the semantics of the masked, horned horses from Pazyryk mounds. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, No. 2: 129–140.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheremisin D.V. 2005 On the semantics of the masked, horned horses from Pazyryk mounds. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, No. 2: 129–140.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheremisin D.V. 2008a Iskusstvo zverinogo stilya v pogrebalnykh kompleksakh ryadovogo naseleniya pazyrykskoy kultury: Semantika zverinykh obrazov v kontekste pogrebalnogo obryada. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheremisin D.V. 2008a Iskusstvo zverinogo stilya v pogrebalnykh kompleksakh ryadovogo naseleniya pazyrykskoy kultury: Semantika zverinykh obrazov v kontekste pogrebalnogo obryada. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheremisin D.V. 2008b K semantike obraza klyuvogolovogo olenya v pazyrykskom iskusstve. In Tropoyu tysyacheletiy: K yubileyu M.A. Devlet. Kemerovo: Kuzbassvuzizdat, pp. 99–105.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheremisin D.V. 2008b K semantike obraza klyuvogolovogo olenya v pazyrykskom iskusstve. In Tropoyu tysyacheletiy: K yubileyu M.A. Devlet. Kemerovo: Kuzbassvuzizdat, pp. 99–105.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chugunov K.V. 2014 Zakhoroneniye “zolotykh lyudey” v traditsii nomadov Yevrazii (noviye materialy i nekotoriye aspekty issledovaniy). In Dialog kultur Yevrazii v arkheologii Kazakhstana. Astana: Syryarka, pp. 714–725.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chugunov K.V. 2014 Zakhoroneniye “zolotykh lyudey” v traditsii nomadov Yevrazii (noviye materialy i nekotoriye aspekty issledovaniy). In Dialog kultur Yevrazii v arkheologii Kazakhstana. Astana: Syryarka, pp. 714–725.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Devlet E.G., Devlet M.A. 2005 Mify v kamne: Mir naskalnogo iskusstva Rossii. Moscow: Aletey.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devlet E.G., Devlet M.A. 2005 Mify v kamne: Mir naskalnogo iskusstva Rossii. Moscow: Aletey.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Egorov Y.V. 1993 Novoye issledovaniye voina epokhi Velikogo pereseleniya narodov na Altaye. In Kultura drevnikh narodov Yuzhnoy Sibiri. Barnaul: Alt. Gos. Univ., pp. 77–80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Egorov Y.V. 1993 Novoye issledovaniye voina epokhi Velikogo pereseleniya narodov na Altaye. In Kultura drevnikh narodov Yuzhnoy Sibiri. Barnaul: Alt. Gos. Univ., pp. 77–80.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grach A.D. 1975 Printsipy i metodika istoriko-arkheologicheskoy rekonstruktsii form sotsialnogo stroya po kurgannym materialam skifskogo vremeni Kazakhstana, Sibiri i Tsentralnoy Azii. In Sotsialnaya istoriya narodov Azii. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 158–182.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grach A.D. 1975 Printsipy i metodika istoriko-arkheologicheskoy rekonstruktsii form sotsialnogo stroya po kurgannym materialam skifskogo vremeni Kazakhstana, Sibiri i Tsentralnoy Azii. In Sotsialnaya istoriya narodov Azii. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 158–182.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grach A.D. 1980 Drevniye kochevniki v tsentre Azii. Moscow: Nauka.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grach A.D. 1980 Drevniye kochevniki v tsentre Azii. Moscow: Nauka.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gryaznov M.P. 1980 Arzhan. Tsarskiy kurgan skifskogo vremeni. Leningrad: Nauka.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gryaznov M.P. 1980 Arzhan. Tsarskiy kurgan skifskogo vremeni. Leningrad: Nauka.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kantorovich A.R. 2002 Klassifikatsiya i tipologiya elementov “zoomorfnykh prevrashcheniy” v zverinom stile stepnoy Skifi i. In Strukturnosemioticheskiye issledovaniya v arkheologii, vol. 1. Donetsk: Don. Nats. Univ., pp. 77–130.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kantorovich A.R. 2002 Klassifikatsiya i tipologiya elementov “zoomorfnykh prevrashcheniy” v zverinom stile stepnoy Skifi i. In Strukturnosemioticheskiye issledovaniya v arkheologii, vol. 1. Donetsk: Don. Nats. Univ., pp. 77–130.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kiryushin Y.F., Kiryushin K.Y., Shmidt A.V., Kuzmenkin D.V., Abdulganeev M.T. 2011 Mollusk shells from burials of Tuzovskiye Bugry-1 as indicators of ethno-cultural processes in Southern Siberia and Western Central Asia in the 3rd millennium BC. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, vol. 46 (2): 37–45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kiryushin Y.F., Kiryushin K.Y., Shmidt A.V., Kuzmenkin D.V., Abdulganeev M.T. 2011 Mollusk shells from burials of Tuzovskiye Bugry-1 as indicators of ethno-cultural processes in Southern Siberia and Western Central Asia in the 3rd millennium BC. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, vol. 46 (2): 37–45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korenyako V.A. 2002 Proiskhozhdeniye skifo-sibirskogo zverinogo stilya (pragmaticheskiye aspekty semiotiki). In Strukturnosemioticheskiye issledovaniya v arkheologii, vol. 1. Donetsk: Don. Nats. Univ., pp. 131–188.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korenyako V.A. 2002 Proiskhozhdeniye skifo-sibirskogo zverinogo stilya (pragmaticheskiye aspekty semiotiki). In Strukturnosemioticheskiye issledovaniya v arkheologii, vol. 1. Donetsk: Don. Nats. Univ., pp. 131–188.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korolkova E.F. 2006 Zveriniy stil Yevrazii: Iskusstvo plemen Nizhnego i Yuzhnogo Povolzhya v skifskuyu epokhu (VII–IV vv. do n.e.). St. Petersburg: Peterburg. vostokovedeniye.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korolkova E.F. 2006 Zveriniy stil Yevrazii: Iskusstvo plemen Nizhnego i Yuzhnogo Povolzhya v skifskuyu epokhu (VII–IV vv. do n.e.). St. Petersburg: Peterburg. vostokovedeniye.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kradin N.N. 2001 Politicheskaya antropologiya. Moscow: Ladomir.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kradin N.N. 2001 Politicheskaya antropologiya. Moscow: Ladomir.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kubarev V.D. 1998 Portativniy “altar” iz Chichkeshi. In Drevnosti Altaya. Gorno-Altaysk: Izd. Gorno-Alt. Gos. Univ., pp. 55–58. (Izv. laboratorii arkheologii; No. 3).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kubarev V.D. 1998 Portativniy “altar” iz Chichkeshi. In Drevnosti Altaya. Gorno-Altaysk: Izd. Gorno-Alt. Gos. Univ., pp. 55–58. (Izv. laboratorii arkheologii; No. 3).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kubarev V.D. 1999 Pazyrykskiye syuzhety v petroglifakh Altaya. In Itogi izucheniya skifskoy epokhi Altaya i sopredelnykh territoriy. Barnaul: Izd. Alt. Gos. Univ., pp. 84–92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kubarev V.D. 1999 Pazyrykskiye syuzhety v petroglifakh Altaya. In Itogi izucheniya skifskoy epokhi Altaya i sopredelnykh territoriy. Barnaul: Izd. Alt. Gos. Univ., pp. 84–92.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuzmina E.E. 1976 Skifskoye iskusstvo kak otrazheniye mirovozzreniya odnoy iz grupp indoirantsev. In Skifo-sibirskiy zveriniy stil v iskusstve narodov Yevrazii. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 52–65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzmina E.E. 1976 Skifskoye iskusstvo kak otrazheniye mirovozzreniya odnoy iz grupp indoirantsev. In Skifo-sibirskiy zveriniy stil v iskusstve narodov Yevrazii. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 52–65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Litvinsky B.A. 1972 Drevniye kochevniki “Kryshi mira”. Moscow: Nauka.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Litvinsky B.A. 1972 Drevniye kochevniki “Kryshi mira”. Moscow: Nauka.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mandelshtam A.M. 1992 Ranniye kochevniki skifskogo perioda na territorii Tuvy. In Stepnaya polosa Aziatskoy chasti SSSR v skifo-sarmatskoye vremya. Moscow: Nauka. (Arkheologiya SSSR; vol. 10).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mandelshtam A.M. 1992 Ranniye kochevniki skifskogo perioda na territorii Tuvy. In Stepnaya polosa Aziatskoy chasti SSSR v skifo-sarmatskoye vremya. Moscow: Nauka. (Arkheologiya SSSR; vol. 10).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maryashev A.N. 1984 Pamyatniki epokhi bronzy i rannego zheleza v doline reki Koksu. In Skifo-sibirskiy mir (iskusstvo i ideologiya): Tezisy dokl. 2-y Arkheol. konf. Kemerovo, pp. 45–46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maryashev A.N. 1984 Pamyatniki epokhi bronzy i rannego zheleza v doline reki Koksu. In Skifo-sibirskiy mir (iskusstvo i ideologiya): Tezisy dokl. 2-y Arkheol. konf. Kemerovo, pp. 45–46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matveeva N.P. 2000 Sotsialno-ekonomicheskiye struktury naseleniya Zapadnoy Sibiri v rannem zheleznom veke (lesostepnaya i podtayezhnaya zony). Novosibirsk: Nauka.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matveeva N.P. 2000 Sotsialno-ekonomicheskiye struktury naseleniya Zapadnoy Sibiri v rannem zheleznom veke (lesostepnaya i podtayezhnaya zony). Novosibirsk: Nauka.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mershchiev M.S. 1970 Poseleniye Kzyl-Kainar-Tobe I–IV vv. i zakhoroneniye na nem voina IV–V vv. In Po sledam drevnikh kultur Kazakhstana. Alma-Ata: Nauka KazSSR, pp. 79–92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mershchiev M.S. 1970 Poseleniye Kzyl-Kainar-Tobe I–IV vv. i zakhoroneniye na nem voina IV–V vv. In Po sledam drevnikh kultur Kazakhstana. Alma-Ata: Nauka KazSSR, pp. 79–92.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mogilnikov V.A. 1997 Naseleniye Verkhnego Priobya v seredine – vtoroy polovine I tysyacheletiya do. n.e. Moscow: Pushch. nauch. tsentr RAN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mogilnikov V.A. 1997 Naseleniye Verkhnego Priobya v seredine – vtoroy polovine I tysyacheletiya do. n.e. Moscow: Pushch. nauch. tsentr RAN.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Molodin V.I. 2000 Kulturno-istoricheskaya kharakteristika pogrebalnogo kompleksa kurgana No. 3 pamyatnika Verkh-Kalzhin II. In Fenomen altaiskikh mumiy. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN, pp. 86–119.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Molodin V.I. 2000 Kulturno-istoricheskaya kharakteristika pogrebalnogo kompleksa kurgana No. 3 pamyatnika Verkh-Kalzhin II. In Fenomen altaiskikh mumiy. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN, pp. 86–119.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Molodin V.I. 2001 Pamyatnik Sopka-2 na reke Omi (kulturno-khronologicheskiy analiz pogrebalnykh kompleksov epokhi neolita i rannego metalla), vol. 1. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Molodin V.I. 2001 Pamyatnik Sopka-2 na reke Omi (kulturno-khronologicheskiy analiz pogrebalnykh kompleksov epokhi neolita i rannego metalla), vol. 1. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moor N.N. 2014 Kopytniye v nekharakternykh dlya zverinogo stilya tagarskoy kultury pozakh (po materialam tagarskoy melkoy plastiki). In Arkhaicheskoye i traditsionnoye iskusstvo: Problemy nauchnoy i khudozhestvennoy interpretatsii: Materialy Vseros. (s mezhdunarodnym uchastiyem) nauch. konf. Novosibirsk: pp. 51–53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moor N.N. 2014 Kopytniye v nekharakternykh dlya zverinogo stilya tagarskoy kultury pozakh (po materialam tagarskoy melkoy plastiki). In Arkhaicheskoye i traditsionnoye iskusstvo: Problemy nauchnoy i khudozhestvennoy interpretatsii: Materialy Vseros. (s mezhdunarodnym uchastiyem) nauch. konf. Novosibirsk: pp. 51–53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Polidovich Y.B. 2002 Prirodnoye i mifologicheskoye v skifskikh izobrazheniyakh (na primere pozitsii khvosta khishchnikov). In Strukturnosemioticheskiye issledovaniya v arkheologii, vol. 1. Donetsk: Don. Nats. Univ., pp. 181–198.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polidovich Y.B. 2002 Prirodnoye i mifologicheskoye v skifskikh izobrazheniyakh (na primere pozitsii khvosta khishchnikov). In Strukturnosemioticheskiye issledovaniya v arkheologii, vol. 1. Donetsk: Don. Nats. Univ., pp. 181–198.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Polosmak N.V. 2001 Vsadniki Ukoka. Novosibirsk: INFOLIO-press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polosmak N.V. 2001 Vsadniki Ukoka. Novosibirsk: INFOLIO-press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rudenko S.I. 1953 Kultura naseleniya Gornogo Altaya v skifskoye vremya. Moscow, Leningrad: Izd. AN SSSR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudenko S.I. 1953 Kultura naseleniya Gornogo Altaya v skifskoye vremya. Moscow, Leningrad: Izd. AN SSSR.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rudenko S.I. 1960 Kultura naseleniya Tsentralnogo Altaya v skifskoye vremya. Moscow, Leningrad: AN SSSR.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudenko S.I. 1960 Kultura naseleniya Tsentralnogo Altaya v skifskoye vremya. Moscow, Leningrad: AN SSSR.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rusakova I.D. 2003 K voprosu o mifologicheskikh predstavleniyakh rannikh kochevnikov. In Arkheologiya Yuzhnoy Sibiri: Sbornik nauch. tr., posvyash. 70-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya A.I. Martynova. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN, pp. 96–99.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rusakova I.D. 2003 K voprosu o mifologicheskikh predstavleniyakh rannikh kochevnikov. In Arkheologiya Yuzhnoy Sibiri: Sbornik nauch. tr., posvyash. 70-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya A.I. Martynova. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN, pp. 96–99.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Samashev Z.S. 2011 Berel. Almaty: Taims.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Samashev Z.S. 2011 Berel. Almaty: Taims.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savinov D.G. 2002 Ranniye kochevniki Verkhnego Yeniseya. Arkheologicheskiye kultury i kulturogenez. St. Petersburg: SPb. Gos. Univ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savinov D.G. 2002 Ranniye kochevniki Verkhnego Yeniseya. Arkheologicheskiye kultury i kulturogenez. St. Petersburg: SPb. Gos. Univ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shulga P.I. 2003 Mogilnik skifskogo vremeni Lokot-4a. Barnaul: Izd. Alt. Gos. Univ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shulga P.I. 2003 Mogilnik skifskogo vremeni Lokot-4a. Barnaul: Izd. Alt. Gos. Univ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shulga P.I. 2016 Mogilnik ranneskifskogo vremeni Gilevo-10 v predgoryakh Altaya. Novosibirsk: Red.-izdat. tsentr Novosib. Gos. Univ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shulga P.I. 2016 Mogilnik ranneskifskogo vremeni Gilevo-10 v predgoryakh Altaya. Novosibirsk: Red.-izdat. tsentr Novosib. Gos. Univ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sorokin S.S. 1973 Bolshiye sedelniye podveski iz Pazyryka i Bashadara i ikh paralleli. SGE, iss. 36: 47–51.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sorokin S.S. 1973 Bolshiye sedelniye podveski iz Pazyryka i Bashadara i ikh paralleli. SGE, iss. 36: 47–51.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sovetova O.S. 2005 Petroglify tagarskoy epokhi na Yenisee (syuzhety i obrazy). Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sovetova O.S. 2005 Petroglify tagarskoy epokhi na Yenisee (syuzhety i obrazy). Novosibirsk: Izd. IAET SO RAN.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Umansky A.P., Shamshin A.B., Shulga P.I. 2005 Mogilnik skifskogo vremeni Rogozikha-1 na levoberezhye Obi. Barnaul: Izd. Alt. Gos. Univ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Umansky A.P., Shamshin A.B., Shulga P.I. 2005 Mogilnik skifskogo vremeni Rogozikha-1 na levoberezhye Obi. Barnaul: Izd. Alt. Gos. Univ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Volkov P.V., Mitko O.A., Gubar Y.S., Davydov R.V., Polovnikov I.S. 2019 Tekhnologicheskiy analiz ukrasheniy iz biryuzy (po materialam nakhodok iz mogilnika skifskogo vremeni Ak-Dag I v Tyve). Vestnik Novosibirkogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser.: Istoriya, filologiya, vol. 18. No. 7: Arkheologiya i etnografi ya: 74–86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volkov P.V., Mitko O.A., Gubar Y.S., Davydov R.V., Polovnikov I.S. 2019 Tekhnologicheskiy analiz ukrasheniy iz biryuzy (po materialam nakhodok iz mogilnika skifskogo vremeni Ak-Dag I v Tyve). Vestnik Novosibirkogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser.: Istoriya, filologiya, vol. 18. No. 7: Arkheologiya i etnografi ya: 74–86.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zavitukhina M.P. 1961 Mogilnik vremeni rannikh kochevnikov bliz g. Biyska. ASGE, iss. 3: 89–108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zavitukhina M.P. 1961 Mogilnik vremeni rannikh kochevnikov bliz g. Biyska. ASGE, iss. 3: 89–108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
