nscArchaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of EurasiaАрхеология, этнография и антропология Евразии1563-0110IAET SB RAS10.17746/1563-0110.2023.51.2.027-037nsc-1690Research ArticlePALEOENVIRONMENT. THE STONE AGEПАЛЕОЭКОЛОГИЯ. КАМЕННЫЙ ВЕКThe Kushevat Site and the Paleogeographic Context of the Initial Peopling of Northern UralsZolnikovI. D.

Pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk, 630090

Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090

zol@igm.nsc.ruAnoikinA. A.

Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090

Pr. Lenina 61, Barnaul, 656049

anui1@yandex.ruKurbanovR. N.

Staromonetny per. 29, Moscow, 119017

Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow, 119991

roger.kurbanov@gmail.comFilatovE. A.

Pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk, 630090

Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090

egorphylatov@gmail.comZotkinaL. V.

Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090

lidiazotkina@gmail.comVybornovA. V.

Pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk, 630090

Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090

vybornov@archaeology.nsc.ruPostnovA. V.

Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090

postnov@yandex.ruParkhomchukE. V.

Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090

Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090

ekaterina@catalysis.ruFilatovaM. O.

Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090

mayaphylatova@gmail.comSobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian FederationInstitute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Altai State UniversityRussian FederationInstitute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences; Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationSobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationInstitute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationNovosibirsk State University; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2023130720235122737Copyright © Zolnikov I.D., Anoikin A.A., Kurbanov R.N., Filatov E.A., Zotkina L.V., Vybornov A.V., Postnov A.V., Parkhomchuk E.V., Filatova M.O., 20232023Zolnikov I.D., Anoikin A.A., Kurbanov R.N., Filatov E.A., Zotkina L.V., Vybornov A.V., Postnov A.V., Parkhomchuk E.V., Filatova M.O.Zolnikov I.D., Anoikin A.A., Kurbanov R.N., Filatov E.A., Zotkina L.V., Vybornov A.V., Postnov A.V., Parkhomchuk E.V., Filatova M.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/1690

On the basis of new materials excavated in 2019–2021 from the Upper Paleolithic site of Kushevat, this study addresses the problem of initial human occupation of the Subpolar Urals. Geological and geomorphological fi ndings are presented along with new chronological and paleogeographical data. Archaeological and faunal materials are described, and result s of the traceological analysis of reindeer antlers with cut and chop marks are presented. The fi ndings suggest that Kushevat was a pioneer settlement of the northern Ob region. The obtained luminescence and radiocarbon ages suggest that the peopling of the Lower Ob region occurred prior to 30 ka BP. Climatic conditions during the fi rst half of the Upper Paleolithic (55–25 ka BP) were favorable for humans in the subpolar zone. Geological and geomorphological situation at the Upper Paleolithic sites of northwestern Urals (the Pechora and Kama basins) can be used as a paleogeographic analogue of the conditions in the Lower Ob region during the Pleistocene. The principal Upper Paleolithic sites in the region are associated with accumulations of megafaunal remains in the mouths of ancient gullies. Archaeological sites apparently consisted of two areas differing in location, economic specialization, and toolkit. Areas of the fi rst type include residential zones on leveled areas of the second river terraces adjacent to the ravines. Those of the second type are estuarine zones of modern valleys of streams and rivers, where huge accumulations of megafaunal remains are preserved at the bottoms of ancient ravines.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.