nscArchaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of EurasiaАрхеология, этнография и антропология Евразии1563-0110IAET SB RAS10.17746/1563-0110.2024.52.3.118-126nsc-1976Research ArticleANTHROPOLOGY AND PALEOGENETICSBony Labyrinth in Upper Paleolithic Individuals Buried at Sungirhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7475-7503RazhevD. I.

Razhev D.I. - Leading Researcher

 Chervishevsky tract 13, Tyumen, 625008

rajevd0@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0128-6568VasilyevS. V.

Vasilyev S.V. - Chief Researcher

 Leninsky pr. 32a, Moscow, 119334

vasbor1@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8957-6871KorostD. V.

Korost D.V. - Researcher

 Leninskie Gory 1, bldg. 12, Moscow, 119234

dkorost@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0753-151XBorutskayaS. B.

Borutskaya S.B. - Associate Professor

Leninskie Gory 1, bldg. 12, Moscow, 119234 

borsbor@yandex.ruInstitute of the Problems of Northern Development, Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationInstitute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202409102024523118126Copyright © Razhev D.I., Vasilyev S.V., Korost D.V., Borutskaya S.B., 20242024Razhev D.I., Vasilyev S.V., Korost D.V., Borutskaya S.B.Razhev D.I., Vasilyev S.V., Korost D.V., Borutskaya S.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/1976

The bony labyrinth of the Sungir individuals was studied using the computed tomography scanning on an industrial Phoenix X-ray device. Three-dimensional modeling and visualization were carried out with special software. Crania of an adult (Sungir 1) and two children (Sungir 2 and 3) were analyzed. Findings reveal that bilateral asymmetry is insignificant. Individual variation range suggests that the group is morphologically homogeneous. Comparison of averages with those of Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans demonstrates overall similarity with the latter and significant difference from the former in key traits. Based on results of the discriminant analysis, children unambiguously fall in the H. sapiens group, while the adult is halfway between the latter and the Neanderthal sample. But such a finding is neither exceptional nor even rare. A Neanderthal-like morphology of the bony labyrinth (large lateral semicircular canal and high sagittal index) occurs in a small number of Upper Paleolithic humans of the modern morphological type. The Sungir adult belongs to this group.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.