nscArchaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of EurasiaАрхеология, этнография и антропология Евразии1563-0110IAET SB RAS10.17746/1563-0110.2016.44.3.003-036nsc-212Research ArticlePALEOENVIRONMENT. THE STONE AGEПАЛЕОЭКОЛОГИЯ. КАМЕННЫЙ ВЕКThe Middle Paleolithic of the LevantСредний палеолит ЛевантаДеревянкоА. П.DereviankoA. P.derev@archaeology.nsc.ruИнститут археологии и этнографии СО РАН пр. Академика Лаврентьева, 17, Новосибирск, 630090, РоссияРоссияInstitute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, RussiaRussian Federation201628092016443336Copyright © Derevianko A.P., 20162016Деревянко А.П.Derevianko A.P.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/212

This study explores the origin and development of the Middle Paleolithic in the Levant—a region critical for understanding the dispersal of anatomically modern humans. The technological and typological features of the regional Middle Paleolithic industry indicate its distinctiveness, opposing it to other contemporaneous industries of Africa and Eurasia. Some peculiarities concern reduction techniques relating to the emergence and spread of the Levallois and blade technique, which had local Acheulo-Yabrudian roots. The Levantine Middle Paleolithic industry was associated with both anatomically modern humans and Palestinian Neanderthals, who had originated during the Middle Pleistocene from a taxon that was an outcome of hybridization between Homo heidelbergensis and local archaic hominins.

В статье рассматриваются особенности становления и развития культуры среднего палеолита в Леванте, в одном из ключевых районов первобытной ойкумены. Технокомплексы на этой территории имели много общих технико-типологических показателей, что позволяет рассматривать их в рамках единой левантийской среднепалеолитической индустрии, заметно отичающейся от синхронных технокомплексов в Африке и Евразии. Общность выражается прежде всего в использовании сходных приемов обработки камня, связанных с появлением и распространением леваллуазского и пластинчатого расщепления, которое сложилось на автохтонной ашело-ябрудийской основе. Создателями этой индустрии являлись люди современного физического типа и палестинские неандертальцы, формирование которых происходило на протяжении среднего плейстоцена на основе метисного таксона, образованного в результате гибридизации Homo heidelbergensis и автохтонных популяций.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.