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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nsc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Archaeology, Ethnology &amp; Anthropology of Eurasia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Археология, этнография и антропология Евразии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IAET SB RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17746/1563-0110.2016.44.3.150-157</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nsc-226</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ И ПАЛЕОГЕНЕТИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>An Upper Paleolithic Human Mandible and a First Cervical Vertebra from Afontova Gora II</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Антропологическая характеристика нижней челюсти и первого шейного позвонка (атланта) с местонахождения Афонтова Гора II</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чикишева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chikisheva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">chikisheva@ngs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слепченко</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slepchenko</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">s_slepchenko@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zubova_al@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Славинский</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slavinsky</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">slavinski@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыбанков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsybankov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">tsybankov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дроздов</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drozdov</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">klapss80@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лысенко</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lysenko</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">krasgeo@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт археологии и этнографии СО РАН пр. Академика Лаврентьева, 17, Новосибирск, 630090, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем освоения Севера СО РАН ул. Малыгина, 86, Тюмень, 625026, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Northern Development, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Malygina 86, Tyumen, 625026, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Красноярская Геоархеология» пр. Мира, 25, стр. 1, Красноярск, 660049, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>OOO “Krasnoyarsk Geoarchaeology”, Pr. Mira 25, bldg. 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660049, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>44</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>150</fpage><lpage>157</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Chikisheva T.A., Slepchenko S.M., Zubova A.V., Slavinsky V.S., Tsybankov A.A., Drozdov N.I., Lysenko D.N., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чикишева Т.А., Слепченко С.М., Зубова А.В., Славинский В.С., Цыбанков А.А., Дроздов Н.И., Лысенко Д.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chikisheva T.A., Slepchenko S.M., Zubova A.V., Slavinsky V.S., Tsybankov A.A., Drozdov N.I., Lysenko D.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/226">https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/226</self-uri><abstract><p>Remains of two individuals, a mandible and an atlas, from a stratifi ed Upper Paleolithic site Afontova Gora II, dating to 16–12 ka BP, are described. The mandible was of a 14–15-year-old female. Certain nonmetric traits indicate its anatomical modernity, whereas the dimensions are closer to those of modern adolescents than to those of Upper Paleolithic individuals of similar age. The mandible of the Předmostí-5 female, while being close in biological age, shows a much greater projective length and a higher and wider ramus. Mandibles of Upper Paleolithic children from Sungir are more robust and show a larger intercondylar width and a higher and wider ramus. The fact that the dimensions of the Afontova Gora specimen match the modern standards can be due to a diachronic tendency toward gracilization. Dimensions of the atlas suggest that it belonged to a female aged 20–25. The paucity of data on the fi rst cervical vertebrae of Upper Paleolithic humans makes it impossible to evaluate the taxonomic status of that fi nd.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В работе дана антропологическая характеристика нижней челюсти и первого шейного позвонка человека, обнаруженных при раскопках палеолитического местонахождения Афонтова Гора II. На памятнике выделено несколько культуросодержащих горизонтов, представляющих кратковременные охотничьи стоянки афонтовской археологической культуры, которые датированы 16–12 тыс. л.н. Исследование нижней челюсти позволило сделать вывод, что она принадлежала индивиду женского пола в возрасте 14–15 лет. Ряд антропоскопических особенностей является характерным для морфологии нижних челюстей современных людей. По данным антропометрии они ближе к характеристикам современных подростков, чем к верхнепалеолитическим образцам. Сходная по биологическому возрасту и идентичная по половой принадлежности челюсть Пржедмости 5 имеет значительно большую проекционную длину от мыщелков и более высокую и широкую ветвь. Детские нижние челюсти из Сунгиря массивнее, характеризуются большей межмыщелковой шириной и более высокой и широкой ветвью. Это наблюдение можно связать с эпохальной тенденцией к грацилизации, достигшей в данном случае практически современного уровня. Измерительные характеристики атланта четко указывают на его принадлежность индивиду женского пола не моложе 20–25 лет. Из-за скудности доступного нам сравнительного материала по атланту у людей палеолита невозможно дать исчерпывающую его характеристику. Однако накопление подобных данных в последующем позволит определить место этой кости в ряду изменчивости у палеолитических людей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нижняя челюсть</kwd><kwd>атлант</kwd><kwd>морфология</kwd><kwd>верхний палеолит</kwd><kwd>афонтовская культура</kwd><kwd>Афонтова Гора II</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mandible</kwd><kwd>atlas</kwd><kwd>morphology</kwd><kwd>Upper Paleolithic</kwd><kwd>Afontova culture</kwd><kwd>Afontova Gora II</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеев В.П. Палеоантропология земного шара и формирование человеческих рас: Палеолит. – М.: Наука, 1978. – 285 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alekseyev V.P. 1978 Paleoantropologiya zemnogo shara i formirovaniye chelovecheskikh ras: Paleolit. 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