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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nsc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Archaeology, Ethnology &amp; Anthropology of Eurasia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Археология, этнография и антропология Евразии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IAET SB RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17746/1563-0110.2025.53.3.036-044</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nsc-2263</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PALEOENVIRONMENT. THE STONE AGE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПАЛЕОЭКОЛОГИЯ. КАМЕННЫЙ ВЕК</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ivory Bead Ornaments from the Sungir Paleolithic Site</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6649-7038</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlopachev</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khlopachev G.A., Department Head</p><p>Universitetskaya nab. 3, St. Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gakmae@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1072-5358</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilov</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gavrilov K.N., Senior Researcher</p><p>Universitetskaya nab. 3, St. Petersburg, 199034;</p><p>Dm. Ulyanova 19, Moscow, 117292</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k_gavrilov.68@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-8828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazilevich</surname><given-names>L. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bazilevich L.O., Junior Researcher; Department Head </p><p>Universitetskaya nab. 3, St. Petersburg, 199034;</p><p>Bolshaya Moskovskaya 43, Vladimir, 600000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ludmila.basilevich@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3460-2690</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saifieva</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saifieva A.Y., Lead Curator</p><p>Universitetskaya nab. 3, St. Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gitbadger@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-2"><institution>Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-3"><institution>Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences; State Vladimir and Suzdal Museum-Reserve</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>53</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Khlopachev G.A., Gavrilov K.N., Bazilevich L.O., Saifieva A.Y., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Khlopachev G.A., Gavrilov K.N., Bazilevich L.O., Saifieva A.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khlopachev G.A., Gavrilov K.N., Bazilevich L.O., Saifieva A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/2263">https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/2263</self-uri><abstract><p>This article presents the results of a study of composite ornaments made of ivory beads from burials of a man and two adolescents, discovered by O.N. Bader at Sungir, a site dating to the Final Early Upper Paleolithic (30–26 ka BP). The burials are excessively rich in such ornaments, which were made by stringing many beads on a sinew or thread made of organic material. Strings of beads preserved in burials and retaining the order of constituent elements were used as a source for identifying typologically meaningful forms of beads. Owing to the alternation of elements of various shapes or similar in form but made from different blanks, a specific rhythmic structure was generated. The composition of strings suggests that eight types of ivory bead were employed. Two main techniques of stringing were used: by isolating the central group of beads, and by arranging them in the order of size gradually decreasing from one end to the other. The search for cultural parallels has revealed that the principle of combining different types of beads to create strings was similar to that used at contemporaneous sites in southern Germany dating to the Final Aurignacian.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Upper Paleolithic</kwd><kwd>Streletskian</kwd><kwd>Sungir</kwd><kwd>funerary offerings</kwd><kwd>composite ornaments</kwd><kwd>ivory beads</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Project № 24-28-00436 «Multipart Mammoth Tusk Adornments Found in the Burials of the Sungir Upper Paleo lithic Settlement: Forms, Bead Manufacturing Technology, Beads Stringing Patterns, Cultural and Chronological Analogies» (https://rscf.ru/project/24-28-00436/). The authors express their deep gratitude to the members of the RSSDA Laboratory (Moscow) Y.M. Svoisky, E.V. Romanenko, A.N. Uralskaya, and E.S. Komakova for creating 3D-models of Sungir beads and software for their study, as well as for their assistance in preparing illustrations.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bader O.N. 1966 Arkheologiya stoyanki Sungir. In Verkhnepaleoliticheskaya stoyanka Sungir, ch. 1. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 7–41. (Trudy GIN; iss. 162).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bader O.N. 1966 Arkheologiya stoyanki Sungir. In Verkhnepaleoliticheskaya stoyanka Sungir, ch. 1. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 7–41. (Trudy GIN; iss. 162).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bader O.N. 1978 Sungir: Verkhnepaleoliticheskaya stoyanka. Moscow: Nauka.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bader O.N. 1978 Sungir: Verkhnepaleoliticheskaya stoyanka. 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