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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nsc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Archaeology, Ethnology &amp; Anthropology of Eurasia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Археология, этнография и антропология Евразии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IAET SB RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17746/1563-0110.2025.53.4.092-100</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nsc-2334</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE METAL AGES AND MEDIEVAL PERIOD</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПОХА ПАЛЕОМЕТАЛЛА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>An Early Metal Age Burial in Treugolnaya Cave, Primorye: A Multidisciplinary Study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7406-649X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kluyev</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kluyev N.A., Deputy Director,</p><p>Pushkinskaya 89, Vladivostok, 690001.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kluyev2006@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0651-2849</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sleptsov</surname><given-names>I. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sleptsov I.Y., Junior Researcher,</p><p>Pushkinskaya 89, Vladivostok, 690001.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igorslep@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7981-161X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zubova A.V., Senior Researcher, </p><p>Universitetskaya nab. 3, St. Petersburg, 199034.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zubova_al@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1748-2686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseyev</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moiseyev V.G., Senior Researcher,</p><p>Universitetskaya nab. 3, St. Petersburg, 199034.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">moiseyev@kunstkamera.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7984-0912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pozdnyakov D.V., Senior Researcher,</p><p>pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dimolka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5575-4067</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhur</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhur K.V., Junior Researcher,</p><p>pr. 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7, bldg. 1, Moscow, 117312.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhur_kv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5077-3345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leonova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonova M.V., Junior Researcher,</p><p>pr. 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7, bldg. 1, Moscow, 117312.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maryleonova56@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-5597</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharko</surname><given-names>F. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sharko F.S., Junior Researcher,</p><p>60-letiya Oktyabrya 7, bldg. 1, Moscow, 117312. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fedosic@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8234-9975</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokhorchuk</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prokhorchuk E.B., Laboratory Head,</p><p>60-letiya Oktyabrya 7, bldg. 1, Moscow, 117312. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prokhortchouk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4276-4266</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tiunov</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tiunov M.P., Leading Researcher,</p><p>100-letiya Vladivostoka 159/1, Vladivostok, 690022. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tiunov@biosoil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1285-384X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omelko</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Omelko V.E., Senior Researcher,</p><p>100-letiya Vladivostoka 159/1, Vladivostok, 690022. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valry@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-2"><institution>Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-3"><institution>Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-4"><institution>Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Skryabin Institute of Bioengineering, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-5"><institution>Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>53</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kluyev N.A., Sleptsov I.Y., Zubova A.V., Moiseyev V.G., Pozdnyakov D.V., Zhur K.V., Leonova M.V., Sharko F.S., Prokhorchuk E.B., Tiunov M.P., Omelko V.E., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kluyev N.A., Sleptsov I.Y., Zubova A.V., Moiseyev V.G., Pozdnyakov D.V., Zhur K.V., Leonova M.V., Sharko F.S., Prokhorchuk E.B., Tiunov M.P., Omelko V.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kluyev N.A., Sleptsov I.Y., Zubova A.V., Moiseyev V.G., Pozdnyakov D.V., Zhur K.V., Leonova M.V., Sharko F.S., Prokhorchuk E.B., Tiunov M.P., Omelko V.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/2334">https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/2334</self-uri><abstract><p>The article outlines the findings of a multidisciplinary study of an Early Metal Age burial of a woman in Treugolnaya Cave, Primorye—the first such burial in the region. The human skeleton was accompanied by funerary goods including stone and bone artifacts and ceramics. The most noteworthy specimen among the lithics is a polished knife, very similar to those from the late 2nd to early 1st millennia BC sites in Primorye. DNA analysis showed that the individual was a female member of a Mongoloid population. Her morphological features indicate an age of more than 50 years and a stature of ~153 cm. Her elongated cranium reveals an antemortem deformation. The comparative analysis suggests that the closest morphological parallel was a cranium from Rodinka II, Yakutia, associated with the Belkachi Neolithic culture. The paleogenetic analysis suggests that the most similar paleogenomes are those from China, Mongolia, and the Russian Far East. Two of the latter are Neolithic ones from Primorye (Chertovy Vorota and Boismana-2). We conclude that genetic continuity in this region was high during the Holocene. A more detailed analysis of population affinities is ongoing. A facial reconstruction was carried out. Radiocarbon dating suggests that the burial in Treugolnaya Cave dates to the late 12th–11th centuries BC.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Primorye</kwd><kwd>Treugolnaya Cave</kwd><kwd>Early Metal Age</kwd><kwd>anthropological analysis</kwd><kwd>paleogenetic analysis</kwd><kwd>facial reconstruction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The archaeological excavations of the burial were supported by the Russian Science Foundation Project No. 20-18-00081 “Archaeology of the Russian Far East”.  The paleogenetic research was carried out under state assignment of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science (themes No. 122041100149-7 and 124060400040-3). Creating the facial reconstruction of the individual was supported by the funds of the R&amp;D Project “Siberia and Adjacent Territories: Study and Reconstruction of the Historical and Cultural Past” (FWZG-2025-0001).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alekseev V.P., Debets G.F. 1964 Kraniometriya: Metodika antropologicheskikh issledovaniy. Moscow: Nauka.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alekseev V.P., Debets G.F. 1964 Kraniometriya: Metodika antropologicheskikh issledovaniy. Moscow: Nauka.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balueva T.S., Veselovskaya E.V. 2004 New developments in facial reconstruction. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, No. 1: 143–150. 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