<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nsc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Archaeology, Ethnology &amp; Anthropology of Eurasia</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Археология, этнография и антропология Евразии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1563-0110</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IAET SB RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17746/1563-0110.2026.54.1.016-024</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nsc-2395</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PALEOENVIRONMENT. THE STONE AGE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПАЛЕОЭКОЛОГИЯ. КАМЕННЫЙ ВЕК</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Variation of Lithic Assemblages and Lithic Technologies at Late Upper Paleolithic Horizons 6–2Б of Kovrizhka IV, the Lower Vitim</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-3580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tetenkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor, Professor, Irkutsk National Research Technical University; Senior Researcher, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>Lermontova 83, Irkutsk, 664074; pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">altet@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Irkutsk National Research Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>54</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Tetenkin A.V., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Tetenkin A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tetenkin A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/2395">https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/2395</self-uri><abstract><p>The article addresses cultural horizons 6–2Б at Kovrizhka IV on the Vitim River, dating to ~19–18.5 ka BP. The best studied are cultural horizons 6, 3Б, 3/2, 2Г, and 2Б. The largest assemblage (~55 thousand pieces) comes from horizon 3Б, and the smallest (~1.4 thousand pieces) from horizon 2Г. In generalized technological and typological terms, techniques include pressure detachment of microblades, production of blades up to 12 cm long, coarse prismatic blades up to 5 cm long, and flakes, and facial processing of bifaces and unifaces. The technology of Kovrizhka microcore production is described. The Yubetsu technique was practiced in a minority of cases. Assemblages include scraper-like unifaces with bifacial trimming of narrow ends, bifacial tools, end-scrapers, chisel-like tools, burins, blades, and flakes with irregular marginal retouch or without retouch, used as knives, planes, burins for carving bone and horn, and end-scrapers. Differences between assemblages are caused by seasonality, duration of stay, and subsistence strategies. The general appearance of the industry indicates the early stage of the Late Upper Paleolithic of Eastern Siberia. The industry mostly correlates with the Studenoye culture of Trans-Baikal and Dyuktai culture of Yakutia. Comparison with the earlier site of Mamakan VI reveals no continuity and differences in the microcore production technique. The later industry of Bolshoy Yakor I does reveal continuity in the Yubetsu technique, but new types of burins and bifaces appear.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Late Upper Paleolithic</kwd><kwd>Last Glacial Maximum</kwd><kwd>Eastern Siberia</kwd><kwd>lithic industry</kwd><kwd>microblade pressure technique</kwd><kwd>techno-typological analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 24-18-01099).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abramova Z.A. 1979 Paleolit Eniseya: Kokorevskaya kultura. Novosibirsk: Nauka.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramova Z.A. 1979 Paleolit Eniseya: Kokorevskaya kultura. Novosibirsk: Nauka.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abramova Z.A. 1984 Pozdniy paleolit Aziatskoy chasti SSSR. In Paleolit SSSR. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 302–346.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramova Z.A. 1984 Pozdniy paleolit Aziatskoy chasti SSSR. In Paleolit SSSR. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 302–346.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aksenov M.P. 2009 Paleolit i mezolit Verkhnei Leny. Irkutsk: Izd. Irkutsk. gos. tekhn. univ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aksenov M.P. 2009 Paleolit i mezolit Verkhnei Leny. Irkutsk: Izd. Irkutsk. gos. tekhn. univ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berdnikova N.E., Berdnikov I.M., Vorobieva G.A., Lipnina E.A. 2021 Sredniy i pozdniy etapy verkhnego paleolita Baikalo-Eniseiskoy Sibiri: Khronologiya i obshchaya kharakteristika. Izvestiya Irkutskutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser.: Geoarkheologiya. Etnologiya. Antropologiya, vol. 38: 59–77. URL: https://doi.org/10.26516/2227-2380.2021.38.59</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berdnikova N.E., Berdnikov I.M., Vorobieva G.A., Lipnina E.A. 2021 Sredniy i pozdniy etapy verkhnego paleolita Baikalo-Eniseiskoy Sibiri: Khronologiya i obshchaya kharakteristika. Izvestiya Irkutskutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser.: Geoarkheologiya. Etnologiya. Antropologiya, vol. 38: 59–77. URL: https://doi.org/10.26516/2227-2380.2021.38.59</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flenniken J.J. 1987 The Paleolithic Dyuktai pressure blade technique of Siberia. Arctic Anthropology, vol. 24 (2): 117–132.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Flenniken J.J. 1987 The Paleolithic Dyuktai pressure blade technique of Siberia. Arctic Anthropology, vol. 24 (2): 117–132.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gauvrit Roux E., Teten’kin A.V., Henry A. 2021 Which uses for the Late Glacial microblades of Eastern Siberia? Functional analysis of the lithic assemblage of Kovrizhka IV, level 6. Izvestiya Laboratorii drevnikh tekhnologiy, vol. 17 (2): 9–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gauvrit Roux E., Teten’kin A.V., Henry A. 2021 Which uses for the Late Glacial microblades of Eastern Siberia? Functional analysis of the lithic assemblage of Kovrizhka IV, level 6. Izvestiya Laboratorii drevnikh tekhnologiy, vol. 17 (2): 9–22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gómez Coutouly Y.A. 2018 The emergence of pressure knapping microblade technology in Northeast Asia. Radiocarbon, vol. 60 (3): 821–855.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gómez Coutouly Y.A. 2018 The emergence of pressure knapping microblade technology in Northeast Asia. Radiocarbon, vol. 60 (3): 821–855.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ineshin E.M., Tetenkin A.V. 2010 Chelovek i prirodnaya sreda severa Baikalskoy Sibiri v pozdnem pleistotsene: Mestonakhozhdeniye Bolshoy Yakor I. Novosibirsk: Nauka.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ineshin E.M., Tetenkin A.V. 2010 Chelovek i prirodnaya sreda severa Baikalskoy Sibiri v pozdnem pleistotsene: Mestonakhozhdeniye Bolshoy Yakor I. Novosibirsk: Nauka.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamennyi vek Yuzhnogo Priangariya: Putevoditel mezhdunar. simp. “Sovremennye problemy paleolitovedeniya Evrazii”, 1–9 avg. 2001 g., g. Irkutsk. 2001 G.I. Medvedev, E.A. Slagoda, E.A. Lipnina, N.E. Berdnikova, A.G. Generalov, E.O. Rogovskoy, E.B. Oshchepkova, G.A. Vorobieva, P.E. Shmygun. Vol. 2: Belskiy geoarkheologicheskiy raion. Irkutsk: Izd. Irkutsk. gos. univ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamennyi vek Yuzhnogo Priangariya: Putevoditel mezhdunar. simp. “Sovremennye problemy paleolitovedeniya Evrazii”, 1–9 avg. 2001 g., g. Irkutsk. 2001 G.I. Medvedev, E.A. Slagoda, E.A. Lipnina, N.E. Berdnikova, A.G. Generalov, E.O. Rogovskoy, E.B. Oshchepkova, G.A. Vorobieva, P.E. Shmygun. Vol. 2: Belskiy geoarkheologicheskiy raion. Irkutsk: Izd. Irkutsk. gos. univ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Konstantinov M.V. 1994 Kamennyi vek vostochnogo regiona Baikalskoy Azii. Ulan-Ude, Chita: Izd. ION BNC SO RAN.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konstantinov M.V. 1994 Kamennyi vek vostochnogo regiona Baikalskoy Azii. Ulan-Ude, Chita: Izd. ION BNC SO RAN.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mochanov Y.A. 1977 Drevneishiye etapy zaseleniya chelovekom Severo-Vostochnoi Azii. Novosibirsk: Nauka.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mochanov Y.A. 1977 Drevneishiye etapy zaseleniya chelovekom Severo-Vostochnoi Azii. Novosibirsk: Nauka.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rybin E.P., Khatsenovich A.M. 2023 Nachalnyi verkhniy paleolit Yuzhnoi Sibiri i Tsentralnoi Azii: Kontseptsii, khronologiya i puti rasprostraneniya. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Istoriya, vol. 68 (4): 1039–1071. URL: https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.413</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rybin E.P., Khatsenovich A.M. 2023 Nachalnyi verkhniy paleolit Yuzhnoi Sibiri i Tsentralnoi Azii: Kontseptsii, khronologiya i puti rasprostraneniya. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Istoriya, vol. 68 (4): 1039–1071. URL: https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.413</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tetenkin A.V. 2014 Geoarkheologicheskoye mestonakhozhdeniye epokhi pozdnego paleolita Mamakan VI na Vitime. In Izvestiya Laboratorii drevnikh tekhnologiy, No. 4 (12), pp. 9–26. Irkutsk: Izd. Irkutsk. Gos. Techn. Univ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tetenkin A.V. 2014 Geoarkheologicheskoye mestonakhozhdeniye epokhi pozdnego paleolita Mamakan VI na Vitime. In Izvestiya Laboratorii drevnikh tekhnologiy, No. 4 (12), pp. 9–26. Irkutsk: Izd. Irkutsk. Gos. Techn. Univ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tetenkin A.V. 2017 Tekhnologicheskiy kontekst proizvodstva i rasshchepleniya mikroplastinchatykh nukleusov po materialam kulturnykh gorizontov 2Б i 6 stoyanki Kovrizhka IV (Vitim, Baikalo-Patomskoe nagore). Izvestiya Irkutskutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser.: Geoarkheologiya. Etnologiya. Antropologiya, vol. 21: 107–135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tetenkin A.V. 2017 Tekhnologicheskiy kontekst proizvodstva i rasshchepleniya mikroplastinchatykh nukleusov po materialam kulturnykh gorizontov 2Б i 6 stoyanki Kovrizhka IV (Vitim, Baikalo-Patomskoe nagore). Izvestiya Irkutskutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser.: Geoarkheologiya. Etnologiya. Antropologiya, vol. 21: 107–135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tetenkin A.V., Demonterova E.I., Poplevko G.N., Razgildeeva I.I., Salnaya N.V., Henry A. 2021 Pozdnepaleoliticheskiy kompleks kulturnogo gorizonta 2G stoyanki Kovrizhka IV na r. Vitim (Baikalo-Patomskoye nagoriye). Stratum Plus, No. 1: 259–300.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tetenkin A.V., Demonterova E.I., Poplevko G.N., Razgildeeva I.I., Salnaya N.V., Henry A. 2021 Pozdnepaleoliticheskiy kompleks kulturnogo gorizonta 2G stoyanki Kovrizhka IV na r. Vitim (Baikalo-Patomskoye nagoriye). Stratum Plus, No. 1: 259–300.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tetenkin A.V., Demonterova E.I., Statkus M.A., Abdrashitova I.V. 2023 Okhru i kamennyi zapas lyudi perenosili vmeste. Rossiyskiye nanotekhnologii, vol. 18 (5): 636–644. doi:10.56304/S1992722323050187</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tetenkin A.V., Demonterova E.I., Statkus M.A., Abdrashitova I.V. 2023 Okhru i kamennyi zapas lyudi perenosili vmeste. Rossiyskiye nanotekhnologii, vol. 18 (5): 636–644. doi:10.56304/S1992722323050187</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tetenkin A.V., Henry A., Gauvrit Roux E., Demonterova E.I., Razgildeeva I.I. 2024 Newly discovered remains of a Late Upper Paleolithic dwelling in the Northern Baikal area: Cultural horizon 3/2 at Kovrizhka IV on the Vitim River. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, vol. 52 (1): 47–57. (In Russian and English). doi:10.17746/1563-0102.2024.52.1.047-057</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tetenkin A.V., Henry A., Gauvrit Roux E., Demonterova E.I., Razgildeeva I.I. 2024 Newly discovered remains of a Late Upper Paleolithic dwelling in the Northern Baikal area: Cultural horizon 3/2 at Kovrizhka IV on the Vitim River. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, vol. 52 (1): 47–57. (In Russian and English). doi:10.17746/1563-0102.2024.52.1.047-057</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tetenkin A.V., Henry A., Klementiev A.M. 2017 Kovrizhka IV: Pozdnepaleoliticheskiy kompleks 6-go kulturnogo gorizonta In Arkheologicheskiye vesti, iss. 23. St. Petersburg: IIMK RAN, pp. 33–55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tetenkin A.V., Henry A., Klementiev A.M. 2017 Kovrizhka IV: Pozdnepaleoliticheskiy kompleks 6-go kulturnogo gorizonta In Arkheologicheskiye vesti, iss. 23. St. Petersburg: IIMK RAN, pp. 33–55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tetenkin A.V., Zhmur O.V., Demonterova E.I., Kaneva E.V., Salnaya N.V. 2018 Ivory figurines and the symbolic context of a Paleolithic dwelling at Kovrizhka IV on the Lower Vitim River, Eastern Siberia. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, vol. 46 (4): 3–12. (In Russian and English).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tetenkin A.V., Zhmur O.V., Demonterova E.I., Kaneva E.V., Salnaya N.V. 2018 Ivory figurines and the symbolic context of a Paleolithic dwelling at Kovrizhka IV on the Lower Vitim River, Eastern Siberia. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, vol. 46 (4): 3–12. (In Russian and English).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
