References

nsc

Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia

Археология, этнография и антропология Евразии

1563-0110

IAET SB RAS

10.17746/1563-0110.2019.47.2.003-012

nsc-676

Research Article

PALEOENVIRONMENT. THE STONE AGE

ПАЛЕОЭКОЛОГИЯ. КАМЕННЫЙ ВЕК

Late Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic of the Eastern Adriatic and the Problem of the Regional Middle/Upper Paleolithic Interface

Поздний средний и ранний верхний палеолит Восточной Адриатики и проблема перехода от среднего к верхнему палеолиту в регионе

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1452-8394

Караванич

И.

Karavanić

доктор наук, профессор, Ivana Lučića 3, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia;

профессор, 12th and Lewis Streets, Laramie, WY 82071

Ivana Lučića 3, Zagreb, 10000;

12th and Lewis Streets, Laramie, WY 82071, USA

ikaravan@ffzg.hr

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-2813

Вукосавлевич

Н.

Vukosavljević

доцент,

Ivana Lučića 3, Zagreb, 10000

nvukosav@ffzg.hr

Загребский университет; Вайомингский университетХорватияUniversity of Zagreb; University of WyomingCroatia

Загребский университетХорватияUniversity of ZagrebCroatia

2019

25062019

472312

2019

Караванич И., Вукосавлевич Н.

Karavanić I., Vukosavljević N.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/676

Eastern Adriatic Late Middle Paleolithic is relatively well known. On the other hand, Early Upper Paleolithic sites in the same region are scarce, and in particular the sites from Early Aurignacian, which are completely lacking. Sites with stratigraphy encompassing Late Middle Paleolithic and Early Upper Paleolithic that would signifi cantly contribute to better understanding of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition have not yet been found. In this paper, we give an overview of the archaeological record of the regional Late Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic from Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Albania. The information on research of Late Middle Paleolithic sites conducted in different regions of the eastern Adriatic (e.g., Mujina pećina and Velika pećina in Kličevica in Dalmatia, open-air site Campanož and Romualdova pećina in Istria, Bioče and Crvena stijena in Montenegro) is given. AMS and ESR dates give good temporal frame for Late Middle Paleolithic. Contrary to this, radiocarbon dates for Early Upper Paleolithic are scarce, and were made long time ago, hence bringing into question their reliability as is supported by their very late age for Aurignacian. Only one recent AMS date from Šandalja II could represent real Aurignacian age. According to current data, there is a hiatus of several thousand years between Late Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic in the eastern Adriatic. Here we suggest several potential reasons for such fragmentary record of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in the eastern Adriatic.

Поздний средний палеолит восточной части Адриатики хорошо изучен, однако памятники раннего верхнего палеолита в этом регионе встречаются редко, а памятники эпохи раннего ориньяка полностью отсутствуют. Не найдены стоянки, в стратиграфии отложений которых были бы представлены материалы позднего среднего и раннего верхнего палеолита. В статье приводится обзор археологических данных (определения возраста и стратиграфия стоянок, анализ каменных технокомплексов) о позднем среднем и раннем верхнем палеолите Хорватии, Боснии и Герцеговины, Черногории и Албании. Дается информация об исследованных объектах позднего среднего палеолита в разных районах Восточной Адриатики – пещерных стоянках Муйина Печина и Велика Печина в Кличевице в Далмации, местонахождениях открытого типа Кампанож и Ромуальдова Печина в Истрии, Биоче и Црвена Стена в Черногории и др. Публикуются АМС- и ЭСР-даты, надежно определяющие хронологические рамки позднего среднего палеолита региона. Отмечается, что радиоуглеродные даты для раннего верхнего палеолита малочисленны и получены очень давно. Это ставит под сомнение их надежность в хронологии ориньяка. Только одна недавно полученная АМС-дата для местонахождения Шандалья II может соответствовать реальному ориньякскому возрасту. По последним данным, хронологическая последовательность памятников в восточной части адриатического побережья свидетельствует о перерыве между поздним средним и ранним верхним палеолитом. Предлагается несколько объяснений отсутствия перехода от среднего к верхнему палеолиту в этом регионе.

Восточная Адриатикапоздний средний палеолитранний верхний палеолитпоздний мустьеориньякпереход от среднего к верхнему палеолиту

Eastern AdriaticLate Middle PaleolithicEarly Upper PaleolithicLate MousterianAurignacianMiddle to Upper Paleolithic transition

References1

Деревянко А.П., Шуньков М.В., Булатович Л., Павленок К.К., Ульянов В.А., Козликин М.Б., Кандыба А.В. Новые данные по среднему палеолиту Восточной Адриатики: древнейший эпизод заселения стоянки Биоче в Черногории // Археология, этнография и антропология Евразии. – 2017. – Т. 45, № 1. – С. 3–14.

Barbir A. Litički materijal s podvodnog srednjopaleolitičkog nalazišta Kaštel Štafilić – Resnik: Graduate thesis / University of Zagreb. – Zagreb, 2015. – 73 p.

Barbir A. Litički materijal s podvodnog srednjopaleolitičkog nalazišta Kaštel Štafi lić – Resnik: Graduate thesis / University of Zagreb. – Zagreb, 2015. – 73 p.

Batović Š. Prvi paleolitski nalazi u srednjoj Dalmaciji // Diadora. – 1965. – Vol. 3. – P. 205–209.

Batović Š. Prapovijesni ostaci na zadarskom otočju // Diadora. – 1973. – Vol. 6. – P. 5–139.

Batović Š. Paleolitički i mezolitički ostaci s Dugog otoka // Poročilo o raziskovanju paleolita, neolita in eneolita v Sloveniji. – 1988. – Vol. 16. – P. 7–54.

Batović Š. O prapovijesti Dugog otoka // Zadarska smotra. – 1993. – Vol. 42 (1/2). – P. 99–125.

Black B.A., Neely R.R., Manga M. Campanian Ignimbrite volcanism, climate, and the final decline of the Neanderthals // Geology. – 2015. – Vol. 43 (5). – P. 411–414.

Boschian G., Gerometta K., Ellwood B.B., Karavanić I. Late Neandertals in Dalmatia: climate change, human activity and site formation processes at Mujina Pećina, Croatia // Quaternary Intern. – 2017. – Vol. 450. – P. 12–35.

Brusić Z. Prehistorijski podmorski nalazi na području južne Liburnije // Radovi Centra Jugoslavenske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti u Zadru. – 1977. – Vol. 24. – P. 53–60.

Chu W. The Danube Corridor Hypothesis and the Carpathian Basin: Geological, Environmental and Archaeological Approaches to Characterizing Aurignacian Dynamics // J. of World Prehistory. – 2018. – Vol. 31. – P. 117–178.

Čujkević-Plečko M., Karavanić I. Carved finds from Šandalja II // Histria archaeologica. – 2018. – Vol. 48, N 48. – P. 5–20.

Derevianko A.P., Pavlenok K.K., Kozlikin M.B., Kandyba A.V. Recent data on the eastern Adriatic Middle Paleolithic: Bioče rockshelter in Montenegro // Hugo Obermaier Society 58th Annual Meeting in Budapest. – Erlangen: Hugo Obermaier-Gesellschaft, 2016. – P. 26–29.

Davies W., White D., Lewis M., Stringer C. Evaluating the transitional mosaic: frameworks of change from Neanderthals to Homo sapiens in eastern Europe // Quaternary Sci. Rev. – 2015. – Vol. 118. – P. 211–242.

Dogandžić T., Đuričić Lj. Lithic production strategies in the Middle Paleolithic of the southern Balkans // Quaternary Intern. – 2017. – Vol. 450. – P. 68–102.

Fitzsimmons K.E., Hambach U., Veres D., Iovita. R. The Campanian Ignimbrite Eruption: New Data on Volcanic Ash Dispersal and Its Potential Impact on Human Evolution // PLoS ONE. – 2013. – URL: 8(6): e65839. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065839

Hauck T.C., Ruka R., Gjipali I., Richter J., Vogels O. Recent discoveries of Aurignacian and Epigravettian sites in Albania // J. of Field Archaeol. – 2016. – Vol. 41 (2). – P. 148–161.

Hinić M. Površinski nalazi Panđerovice i Ražanca: Graduate thesis/University of Zagreb. – Zagreb, 2000. – 87 p.

Janković I., Ahern J.C.M., Karavanić I., Smith F.H. Biokulturalni aspekti epigravetijenske okupacije sloja B/S nalazišta Šandalja II // Radovi Zavoda za znanstveni rad HAZU Varaždin. – 2011. – Vol. 22. – P. 185–200.

Janković I., Komšo D., Ahern J.C.M., Becker R., Barbir A., Gerometta K., Cvitkušić B., Mihelić S. Archaeological excavations in the Lim Channel in 2016. Sites: Romuald’s cave, Abri Kontija 002, Lim 001, Cave near Rovinjsko selo // Histria archaeologica: časopis Arheološkog muzeja Istre. – 2017. – Vol. 47. – P. 5–19.

Janković I., Vukosavljević N., Ahern J.C.M., Karavanić I., Mihelić S., Smith F.H. Bukovac Cave Revisited: Recent Excavations of an Early Upper Paleolithic Site // Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt. – 2018. – Vol. 48 (3). – S. 297–306.

Karavanić I. L’industrie aurignacienne de la grotte de Šandalja II (Istrie, Croatie) dans le contexte de la région de l’est de l’Adriatique // L’Anthropologie. – 2003. – Vol. 107. – P. 577–602.

Karavanić I. Adriatic coast of Croatia and its hinterland from 50 000 to 25 000 BP // The Mediterranean from 50 000 to 25 000 BP: Turning points and new directions. – Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2009. – Ch. 10. – P. 163–178.

Karavanić I. Research on underwater Mousterian: The site of Resnik – Kaštel Štafi lić, Dalmatia, Croatia // Forgotten Times and Spaces: New perspectives in Paleoanthropological, Paleontological and Archaeological studies. – Brno: Inst. of Archaeol. of the CAS, Masaryk Univ., 2015. – P. 73–79.

Karavanić I., Čondić N., Vukosavljević N. Velika Pećina u Kličevici // Hrvatski arheološki godišnjak. – 2007. – Vol. 3. – P. 345–347.

Karavanić I., Miracle P.T., Culiberg M., Kurtanjek D., Zupanič J., Golubić V., Paunović M., Mauch Lenardić J., Malez V., Šošić R., Janković I., Smith F.H. The Middle Paleolithic from Mujina Pećina, Dalmatia, Croatia // J. of Field Archaeol. – 2008. – Vol. 33. – P. 259–277.

Karavanić I., Vukosavljević N., Čondić N., Miko S., Razum I., Ilijanić N., Zubčić K., Šošić Klindžić R., Ahern J.C.M., Barbir A. Project Late Mousterian in the eastern Adriatic – towards understanding of late Neanderthals’ identity and their demise: summary of the 2nd and 3rd years of research // Prilozi Instituta za arheologiju u Zagrebu. – 2016. – Vol. 33. – P. 135–149.

Karavanić I., Vukosavljević N., Janković I., Ahern J.C.M., Smith F.H. Paleolithic hominins and settlement in Croatia from MIS 6 to MIS 3: research history and current interpretations // Quaternary Intern. – 2018. – Vol. 494. – P. 152–166.

Karavanić I., Vukosavljević N., Šošić Klindžić R., Ahern J.C.M., Čondić N., Becker R., Zubčić K., Šuta I., Gerometta K., Boschian G. The Late Mousterian in the eastern Adriatic – towards understanding of late Neanderthals’ identity and their demise Project: a summary of the 1st year of research // Prilozi Instituta za arheologiju u Zagrebu. – 2014. – Vol. 31. – P. 139–157.

Karavanić I., Vukosavljević N., Šošić Klindžić R., Kurtanjek D., Zupanič J. The lithic and bone industries of the Epigravettian layers from Šandalja II near Pula // Vjesnik za arheologiju i povijest dalmatinsku. – 2013. – Vol. 106. – P. 7–73.

Karavanić I., Zupčić K., Pešić M., Parica M., Šošić Klindžić R. Kaštel Štafi lić – podvodno paleolitičko nalazište // Hrvatski arheološki godišnjak. – 2009. – Vol. 5. – P. 549–551.

Komšo D. Limski kanal // Hrvatski arheološki godišnjak. – 2008. – Vol. 4. – P. 264–267.

Komšo D. Middle Paleolithic in Istria: Romualdova pećina and Campanož // The Neandertal Trail. – Zagreb: Arheološki muzej, 2011. – P. 192–205.

Komšo D., Balbo A.I., Miracle P.T. Čepićko polje // Hrvatski arheološki godišnjak. – 2007. – Vol. 3. – P. 225–228.

Krile I., Vujević D. A contribution to the study of early prehistory of Veli rat on the island of Dugi otok // Diadora. – 2017. – Vol. 31. – P. 7–26.

Kujundžić Z. Gigića pećina – paleolitska stanica kod Resanovaca (Bosansko Grahovo) // Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja Bosne i Hercegovine u Sarajevu. Arheologija. N. S. – 1989. – Vol. 42/43. – P. 9–16.

Malez M. Nalazišta paleolitskog i mezolitskog doba u Hrvatskoj // Praistorija jugoslavenskih zemalja I. – Sarajevo: Svjetlost, 1979. – P. 195–295.

Malez M., Vogel J.C. Rezultati određivanja apsolutne starosti pleistocenskih naslaga Šandalje II kod Pule u Istri // Geološki vjesnik. – 1969. – Vol. 22. – P. 121–133.

Mercier N., Rink W.J., Rodrigues K., Morley M.W., Vander Linden M., Whallon R. Radiometric Dating of the Crvena Stijena Sequence // Crvena Stijena in Cultural and Ecological Context. Multidisciplinary Archaeological Research in Montenegro. – Podgorica: Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, National Museum of Montenegro, 2017. – Ch. 9. – P. 140–149.

Mihailović D., Mihailović B., Whallon R. Excavations of Middle Paleolithic–Mesolithic Layers // Crvena Stijena in Cultural and Ecological Context. Multidisciplinary Archaeological Research in Montenegro. – Podgorica: Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, National Museum of Montenegro, 2017. – Ch. 10. – P. 150–204.

Mihailović D., Whallon R. Crvena Stijena revisited: The Late Mousterian assemblages // Quaternary Intern. – 2017. – Vol. 450. – P. 36–49.

Miracle P.T. Late Mousterian subsistence and cave-use in Dalmatia: the zooarchaeology of Mujina Pećina, Croatia // Intern. J. of Osteoarchaeol. – 2005. – Vol. 15. – P. 84–105.

Montet-White A. Le paléolithique en ancienne Yougoslavie. – Grenoble: Jérôme Million, 1996. – 268 p.

Morley M.W., Woodward J. The Campanian Ignimbrite (Y5) tephra at Crvena Stijena Rockshelter, Montenegro // Quaternary Research. – 2011. – Vol. 75 (3). – P. 683–696.

Nizek R., Karavanić I. The spatial analysis of fi nds from Mousterian levels D2, E1, E2, and E3 of Mujina pećina // Prilozi Instituta za arheologiju u Zagrebu. – 2012. – Vol. 29. – P. 25–56.

Papagianni D. Mediterranean southeast Europe in the Late Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic: modern human route to Europe or Neanderthal refugium? // The Mediterranean from 50 000 to 25 000 BP: Turning points and new directions. – Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2009. – Ch. 8. – P. 115–136.

Papagianni D., Morse M.A. The Neanderthals rediscovered: how modern science is rewriting their story. – N.Y.: Thames and Hudson, 2013. – 208 p.

Richards M.P., Karavanić I., Pettitt P., Miracle P. Isotope and faunal evidence for high levels of freshwater fi sh consumption by Late Glacial humans at the Late Upper Paleolithic site of Šandalja II, Istria, Croatia // J. of Archaeol. Sci. – 2015. – Vol. 61. – P. 204–212.

Rink W.J., Karavanić I., Pettitt P.B., van der Plicht J., Smith F.H., Bartoll J. ESR and AMS based 14C dating of Mousterian levels at Mujina Pećina, Dalmatia, Croatia // J. of Archaeol. Sci. – 2002. – Vol. 29. – P. 943–952.

Srdoč D., Sliepčević A., Obelić B., Horvatinčić N. Rudjer Bošković Institute Radiocarbon Measurements V // Radiocarbon. – 1979. – Vol. 21 (1). – P. 131–137.

Šprem K. Litički materijal iz Mujine pećine. Graduate Thesis / University of Zagreb. – Zagreb, 2016. – 53 p.

Vujević D. Srednji paleolitik na području južno od Ražanca. Master Thesis / University of Zadar. – Zagreb, 2007. – 181 p.

Vujević D., Perhoč Z., Ivančić T. Micro-Mousterian in Northern Dalmatia // Quaternary Intern. – 2017. – Vol. 450. – P. 50–67.

Vukosavljević N., Karavanić. I. Epigravettian shouldered points in the eastern Adriatic and its hinterland: Reconsidering their chronological position // Acta Archaeologica Carpathica. – 2017. – Vol. LII. – P. 5–21.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.