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Objects of Portable Art from a Bronze Age Cemetery at Tourist-2

https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2019.47.4.053-065

Abstract

This article introduces an unusual complex of anthropomorphic and zoomorphic artifacts from a Bronze Age cemetery at the Tourist-2 settlement, situated in the center of Novosibirsk. Given their context, motifs, and style, they were apparently ritual artifacts. Human-like, animal-like, and bird-like figures limn mythological ideas. They are so unusual that we may speak of a separate style. Despite being very different, all the figurines have common features, both artistic and iconographic. They are generally rather realistic, showing similar features such as tattoo. Yet they are stylized and share certain conventions attesting to an established canon. All these characteristics, as well as the context, suggest that the representations belong to a single style that we tentatively refer to as “Krokhalevka” style— a distinct variety of Siberian native ritual art. In our view, this style is autochthonous, originating from local Neolithic art under a marked influence of adjacent Early and Middle Bronze Age cultures, such as Okunev, Karakol, Samus, Krotovo, and Odinovo. Judging by the motifs and manner, the “Krokhalevka” tradition might have affectedKulai art, especially repousse.

About the Authors

N. V. Basova
Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation

Researcher.

Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090



A. V. Postnov
Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation

Senior Researcher.

Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090



A. L. Zaika
Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University
Russian Federation

Associate Professor.

Lebedevoi 89, Krasnoyarsk, 660049



V. I. Molodin
Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State University
Russian Federation

Department Head, Chief Researcher, Director Advisor, IAE SB, RAS; Chief Researcher NSU.

Pr. Akademika Lavrentieva 17, Novosibirsk, 630090; Pirogova 1, Novosibirsk, 630090



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Review

For citations:


Basova N.V., Postnov A.V., Zaika A.L., Molodin V.I. Objects of Portable Art from a Bronze Age Cemetery at Tourist-2. Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia. 2019;47(4):53-65. https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2019.47.4.053-065

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