“PROTECTING THE MISTRESS”: A PLAQUE WITH ANTHROPOMORPHOUS REPRESENTATION FROM SHURYSHKARY, YAMAL-NENETS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT
Abstract
A cast bronze plaque from Shuryshkary, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, representing a human-like character, is described. It was the central element in a domestic religious complex. The plaque belongs to a little-known type of medieval status markers. Apart from the central anthropomorphous character, it shows two birds and solar and lunar signs. There are also later engravings, apparently made by the owners. The plaque is part of a series of 20 similar status-marking ornaments of the late 1st–early 2nd millennia AD. Four of these likewise depict anthropomorphic characters. Iconographically, the image on the Shusryshkar plaque resembles other medieval anthropomorphic and ornithomorphic representations from northwestern Siberia. Based on the series of parallels, the specimen dates to the 11th or 12th centuries and was apparently manufactured locally, since all the parallels stem from northwestern Siberia. Most such plaques were parts of hoards or medieval and modern sanctuaries of Ob Ugrians. The likely place of manufacture is the northeastern Urals or northwestern Ob basin. The scenes shown on the plaques shed new light on contacts between aboriginal northwestern Siberia and centers of medieval civilizations.
About the Authors
A. G. Brusnitsyna
Shuryshkar Regional Historical Museum Complex, Arkhangelskogo 14a, Muzhi, Shuryshkar Region, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, 629640, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
N. V. Fedorova
Research Center for the Study of Arctic, Respubliki 73, Salekhard, 629008, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
References
1. Baulo A.V. 2004 Atributika i mif: Metall v obryadakh obskikh ugrov. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAE SO RAN.
2. Baulo A.V. 2009 “Tobolskoye serebro” v obryadakh vogulov i ostyakov. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAE SO RAN.
3. Baulo A.V. 2011 Drevnyaya bronza iz etnograficheskikh kompleksov i sluchainykh sborov. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAE SO RAN.
4. Belavin A.M., Krylasova N.B. 2008 Drevnyaya Afkula: Arkheologicheskiy kompleks u s. Rozhdestvensk. Arkheologiya Permskogo kraya. Perm: Izd. Perm. Gos. Ped. Univ. (Svod arkheol. istochnikov; iss. 1).
5. Borzunov V.A., Chemyakin Y.P. 2006 Ranniy zheleznyi vek taezhnogo Ob-Irtyshya: Itogi i perspektivy issledovaniy. In Arkheologicheskoye naslediye Yugry. Plenarnyi dokl. II Sever. arkheol. kongr. Yekaterinburg, Khanty-Mansiysk, pp. 68–108.
6. Chemyakin Y.P. 2008 Sluchainye nakhodki na Barsovoi Gore. In Barsova Gora: Drevnosti taezhnogo Priobya. Yekaterinburg, Surgut: Ural. Izd., pp. 28–43.
7. Chernetsov V.N. 1957 Nizhneye Priobye v I tys. n.e. In Kultura drevnikh plemen Priuralya i Zapadnoi Sibiri. Moscow: Izd. AN SSSR, pp. 136–245. (MIA SSSR; No. 58).
8. Chikunova I.Y. 2014 Glinyanaya antropomorfnaya plastika Srednego Zauralya. In Vestnik arkheologii, antropologii i etnografi i, No. 2. Tyumen: Izd. IPOS SO RAN, pp. 54–63.
9. Darkevich V.P. 1976 Khudozhestvennyi metall Vostoka VIII–XIII vv. Proizvedeniya vostochnoi torevtiki na territorii evropeiskoi chasti SSSR i Zauralya. Moscow: Nauka.
10. Erenburg B.A. 2014 Zverinyi stil. Istoriya, mifologiya: Album. Perm: Senator.
11. Fedorova N.V. 2014 Images on metal ware: The graphic art of northwestern Siberia and Cis-Urals. Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, vol. 42 (1): 90–99.
12. Fedorova N.V., Sotrueva E.I. 2010 Klad s ostrova Novenkogo. In Istoriya Yamala: Vzglyad iz muzeinykh khranilishch, iss. 2. Yekaterinburg: Krik-tsentr, pp. 45–54.
13. Gemuev I.N., Baulo A.V. 2001 Nebesnyi vsadnik. Zhertvennye pokryvala mansi i khantov. Novosibirsk: Izd. IAE SO RAN.
14. Gusev A.V., Fedorova N.V. 2012 Drevneye svyatilishche Ust-Polui: Konstruktsii, deistviya, artefakty. Itogi issledovaniy planigrafi i i stratigrafi i pamyatnika: 1935–2012 gg. Salekhard: Sever. izd.
15. Ivanov S.V. 1954 Materialy po izobrazitelnomu iskusstvu narodov Sibiri XIX – nachala XX v. Syuzhetnyi risunok i drugiye izobrazheniya na ploskosti. Moscow, Leningrad: Nauka (TIE. Nov. ser.; vol. XXII).
16. Karacharov K.G. 2002 Antropomorfnye kukly s lichinami VIII–IX vv. iz okrestnostei Surguta. In Materialy i issledovaniya po istorii Severo-Zapadnoi Sibiri. Yekaterinburg: Izd. Ural. Gos. Univ., pp. 26–52.
17. Kharyuchi G.P. 2012 Priroda v traditsionnom vozzrenii nentsev. St. Peterburg: Istor. illyustratsiya.
18. Khlobystin L.P., Ovsyannikov O.V. 1971 Drevnyaya “yuvelirnaya” masterskaya v Zapadnosibirskom Zapolyarye. In Problemy arkheologii Urala i Sibiri. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 248–257.
19. Leshchenko V.Y. 1970 Blyakhi s okhotnichyimi stsenami iz Povolzhya. Sovetskaya arkheologiya, No. 3: 136–148.
20. Leshchenko V.Y. 1976 Ispolzovaniye vostochnogo serebra na Urale. In Darkevich V.P. Khudozhestvennyi metall Vostoka VIII–XIII vv. Proizvedeniya vostochnoi torevtiki na territorii evropeiskoi chasti SSSR i Zauralya. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 176–188.
21. Marschak B. 1986 Silberschätze des Orients. Metallkunst des 3.–13. Jahrhunderts und ihre Kontinuität. Leipzig: VEB E.A. Seemann Verl.
22. Murashko O.A., Krenke N.A. 2001 Kultura aborigenov Obdorskogo Severa v XIX veke. Po arkheologo-etnograficheskim kollektsiyam Muzeiya antropologii MGU. Moscow: Nauka.
23. Murygin A.M. 1992 Pechorskoye Priuralye: Epokha srednevekovya. Moscow: Nauka.
24. Pristupa O.I. 2008 Srednevekovaya glinyanaya plastika v kollektsiakh Muzeya Prirody i Cheloveka. Yekaterinburg, Khanty-Mansiysk: Basko.
25. Sokrovishcha Priobya. Zapadnaya Sibir na torgovykh putyakh srednevekovya. 2003 Katalog vystavki. N.V. Fedorova (pref.). Salekhard, St. Petersburg: [s.l.].
26. Sokrovishcha Priobya v Osoboi kladovoi MVK im. I.S. Shemanovskogo. 2011 Buklet. N.V. Fedorova (text). Salekhard: [s.l.].
27. Spitsyn A.A. 1906 Shamanskiye izobrazheniya. Moscow: [s.l.] (Zap. Rus. arkheol. obshchestva; vol. VIII).
28. Surgutskiy kraevedcheskiy muzei. Arkheologicheskoye sobraniye. 2011 Katalog. Yekaterinburg, Surgut: Magellan.
29. Terekhova L.M. 1986 Rachevskiy arkheologicheskiy kompleks. In Problemy uralo-sibirskoi arkheologii. Sverdlovsk: Izd. Ural. Gos. Univ., pp. 114–123.
30. Ugorskoye naslediye: Drevnosti Zapadnoi Sibiri iz sobraniy Uralskogo universiteta. 1994 A.P. Zykov, S.F. Koksharov, L.M. Terekhova, N.V. Fedorova. Yekaterinburg: Vneshtorgizdat.
31. Viktorova V.D. 2008 Drevniye ugry v lesakh Urala (stranitsy rannei istorii mansi). Yekaterinburg: Kvadrat.
32. Zeleny Yar: Arkheologicheskiy kompleks epokhi srednevekovya v Severnom Priobye. 2005 N.V. Fedorova (ed.). Yekaterinburg, Salekhard: Izd. UrO RAN.
33. Zykov A.P. 2012 Barsova Gora: Ocherki arkheologii Surgutskogo Priobya. Srednevekovye i novoye vremya. Yekaterinburg: Ural. rabochiy.
For citation:
Brusnitsyna A.G., Fedorova N.V. “PROTECTING THE MISTRESS”: A PLAQUE WITH ANTHROPOMORPHOUS REPRESENTATION FROM SHURYSHKARY, YAMAL-NENETS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT. Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia. 2016;44(1):104-113.
Views: 229
Email this article 